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胡继云，湖南省东安一中 研究历年高考试题，我们会发现很多热门考点，有些考点甚至考题惊人的相似。了解这些热门考点，对于同学们复习迎考很有帮助。本文将这些热门考点归类分析如下：
一、对名词性从句的考查热点
1.宾语从句的语序
①These photographs will show you ____.（’89）
A.what does our village look like
B.what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like
D.how our village looks like
②Can you make sure ______ the gold ring?（’90）
A.where Alice had put
B.where has Alice put
C.where Alice has put
D.where had Alice put
③No one can be sure ______ in a million years.（’91）
A.what man will look like
B.what will man look like
C.man will look like what
D.what look will man like
④He asked _____ for the violin.（’92）
A.did I pay how much
B.I paid how much
C.how much did I pay
D.how much I paid
分析：无论主句是什么句式，宾语从句只能用陈述句的语序。所以上述考题的答案是：BCAD。
2.连接词what和that的用法区别
①_______ you have done might do harm to other people.（’87）
A.That B.What C.Which D.This
②_____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have. （’96）
A.What;what B.What;that
C.That;that D.That;what
③______ he said at the meeting astonished everybodypresent.（’93）
A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter
④______ you don't like him is none of my business.（’92上海试题）
A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether
分析：在名词性从句中，that是连接词，在从句中不充当任何成份，只起连接作用；而连接代词what在从句中充当主语或宾语。所以上述考题的答案是：BAAC。
二、对分词的考查热点
1.分词作状语
①The secretary worked late into the night, _____ a longspeech for the president.（’91）
A.to prepare B.preparing
C.prepared D.was preparing
②The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction withthe talks,______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.（’94）
A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added
③European football is played in 80 countries, ____ itthe most popular sport in the world.（’98）
A.making B.makes C.made D.to make
④_____ more attention,the trees would have grown better.（’90）
A.Given B.To give
C.Giving D.Having given
⑤_____ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front ofhim.（’96）
A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose
分析：分词作状词时，其逻辑主语一定要和主句主语一致。如果逻辑主语与其非谓语动词是主动关系，就用现在分词；如果是被动关系，就用过去分词。所以上述考题的答案是：BCAAC。
2.分词短语作后置定语
①The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as aforeign language came out in the 16th century.（’94）
A.having written B.to be written
C.being written D.written
②The Olympic Games,_____ in 776 B. C. , didn't includewomen players untill 1912.（’97）
A.first playing B.to be first played
C.first played D.to be first playing
③The computer center,______ last year, is very popularamong the students in this school.（'93）
A.open B.opening
C.having opened D.opened
④Most of the artists ____ to the party were from Africa.（'90）
A.invited B.to invite
C.being invited D.inviting
⑤Most of the people ____ to the party were famousscientists.（'87）
A.invited B.to invite
C.being invited D.inviting
分析：单个分词作定语要前置，若是分词短语作定语，必须后置。如果分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系，就用现在分词，如果是被动关系就用过去分词。所以上述考题的答案是：DCDAA。
三、对时态的考查热点
1.过去进行时
①Tom _____ into the house when no one _____.（'92）
A.slipped;was looking
B.had slipped;looked
C.slipped;had looked
D.was slipping;looked
②As she ____ the newspaper,Granny _____ asleep.（'95）
A.read;was falling
B.was reading;fell
C.was reading;was falling
D.read;fell
③I don't think Jim saw me;he _____ into space.（'95）
A.just stared B.was just staring
C.has just stared D.had just stared
④I first met Lisa 3 years ago,she ______ at a radio shopat the time.（'97）
A.has worked B.was working
C.had been working D.had worked
⑤Shirley _____ a book about China last year but I don'tknow whether she has finished it.（'98）
A.has written B.wrote
C.had written D.was writing
分析：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作或存在的状态，试题常带有时间状语或时间状语从句。若没有时间状语，就把过去某一动作作为叙述的背景，以说明另一动作的发生。所以上述考题的容案是：ABBBD。
2.现在完成时
①—I'm sorry to keep you waiting
—Oh,not at all,I ______ have only a few minutes.（'94）
A.have been B.had been
C.was D.will be
②You don't need to describe her,I____her several times.（'95）
A.had met B.have met
C.met D.meet
③_______ my glasses?
—Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.（'96）
A.Do you see B.Had you seen
C.Would you see D.Have you seen
④Who is Jerry Cooper?
______? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.（'97）
A.Don't you see him
B.Hadn't you seen him
C.Didn't you see him
D.Haven't you seen him
⑤You haven't been to Beijing,have you?
____.How I wish to go there.（'98）
A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I haven't
C.No,I have D.No,I haven't
分析：现在完成时表示过去开始的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在或动作过去发生且完成，但对现在仍有影响。另外，在“This is(was) the first time (the second……)＋that从句”中，从句谓语只能用完成时态。所以上述考题的答案是：ABDDD。
四、对强调句的考查热点
1.“It is（was）＋被强调成份＋that（who ）＋其它成份”强调结构
①Was it in this palace____the last emperor died?（'87）
A.that B.in which
C.in where D.which
②Was it during the second world war _____ he died?（'88）
A.that B.while C.in which D.then
③It was about 600 years ago _____ the first clock with aface and an hour hand was made.（'97）
A.that B.until C.before D.when
④It was only when I reread his poems recently _____ Ibegan to appreciate their beauty.（'98）
A.until B.that C.then D.so
分析：“It is（was）＋被强调成份＋that（who）＋其它成份”结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。如果被强调成份是人时，可用连词that或who，如果被强调成份是物时，只能用连词that。 所以上述考题的答案是：AAAB。
2.对not…until…结构的强调
①It was not____she took off her dark glasses___I realizedshe was a famous film star.（'92）
A.when;that B.until;that
C.until;when D.when;when
②It was not until 1920 _______ regular radio broadcastsbegan.（'95）
A.while B.which C.that D.since
③Not until all the fish died in the river _______ howserious the pollution was.（'95）
A.did the villagers realize
B.the villagers realized
C.the villagers did realize
D.didn't the villagers realize
④Not until I began to work____how much time I had wasted.（'90）
A.didn't I realize B.did I realize
C.I didn't realize D.I realize
分析：not…until…结构也可用“It is（was）＋not until …＋that＋其它成份”句型强调，强调结构中只能用连词that。若not until…位于句首时，只能用“not until …＋助动词＋主语＋动词原形”结构，即主句主谓语要部分倒装。所以上述考题的答案是：BCAB。
五、不定代词的考查热点
1.few；a few；little；a little的用法区别
①Although he's wealthy,he spends ______ on clothes.（'92）
A.little B.few C.a little D.a few
②If we had followed his plan,we could have done the workbetter with____money and____people.（'87）
A.little;fewer B.fewer;less
C.less;fewer D.less;few
③As it's a stormy night, _____ people went to see thefilm.（'88）
A.a few B.few C.several D.many
④If we had followed his plan,we could have done the jobbetter with ______ money and ______ people.（'90）
A.less;less B.fewer;fewer
C.less;fewer D.fewer;less
分析：few，a few与可数名词连用；little，a little与不可数名词连用。few和little在意义上是否定的，a few，a little在意义上是肯定的，它们可作主语、定语、宾语。所以上述考题的答案是：ACBC。
2.neither，none的用法区别
①Are the two answers correct?
No,_____ correct.（'86）
A.no one is B.both are not
C.neither is D.either is not
②Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
I'm afraid ______ day is possible.（'98）
A.either B.neither C.some D.any
③______ of them knew about the plan because it was kepta secret.（'90）
A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None
④We couldn't eat in a restaurant because ______ of ushad ______ money on us.（'91）
A.all;no B.any;no
C.none;any D.no one;any
⑤They were all tired,but _____ of them would stop totake a rest.（'95）
A.any B.some C.none D.neither
分析：neither表示两者都不是，否定说法，作主语时， 谓语只用单数；none表示三者以上都不是，否定说法，作主语时，谓语可用单数或复数。所以上述考题的答案是：CBDCC。
六、对feel，taste，sound，look等动词作连系动词用的考查
1.Do you like the material?
Yes,it____very soft.（'94）
A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt
2.I love to go to the seaside in summer,it ______ good tolie in the sun or swim in the cool
sea.（'96）
A.does B.fells C.gets D.makes
3.These apples look ______.（'83）
A.nicely B.nice C.well D.sweetly
4.The story sounds _____.（'89）
A.to be true B.as true
C.being true D.true
5.These oranges taste ______.（'91）
A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well
分析：feel，taste，sound，look等动词既可作为行为动词，也可作为连系动词。它们结构不同，意思也不同。这类动词还有get， go，grow，become，appear，remain，smell，stand，stay，keep， prove，turn等。所以上述考题的答案是：CBBDA。
七、对介词besides，except的考查
1.No one knew Mr Benson's address ______ his daughter. （'83）
A.except B.excepts C.only D.besides
2.Do you know any other foreign language _____ English. （'85）
A.except B.but C.beside D.besides
3.______ his wife,his daughter also went to see him. （'86）
A.Beside B.Besides C.Except D.Except for
4.Does John know any other foreign language ______ French?（'89）
A.except B.but C.besides D.beside
分析：besides“除…以外还有…”，强调部分包括在整体之内。except“只有…除外”，强调从整体中除去一部分。所以上述考题的答案是：ADBC。
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